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16 November 2023

Legal News Alert - Special Edition: Litigation and Arbitration Chile

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16/11/2023

ALERTA DE NOVEDADES LEGALES

LEGAL NEWS ALERT

CHILE

Litigios y Arbitrajes

Litigation and Arbitration

La Corte Suprema de Chile acoge incumplimiento contractual por no pago del precio de una compraventa no obstante haberse declarado pagado en el contrato

El 25 de octubre de 2023 la Corte Suprema dictó fallo de la causa rol N° 94-2021, acogiendo demanda de incumplimiento de contrato y restitución por no pago de precio, en contrato que inicialmente lo daba por pagado.

En febrero de 2015, las partes celebraron un contrato de compraventa de vehículo máquina industrial, que contemplaba una cláusula que daba por pagado el precio. Posteriormente, celebraron una contraescritura -denominada “Declaración Jurídica”- que la modificó, estableciendo que el pago sería en 12 cuotas.

En el año 2017, la vendedora demandó el incumplimiento del contrato por no pago del precio y solicitó la restitución del vehículo. La demanda fue rechazada por el tribunal de primera instancia. En segunda instancia, la Corte de Apelaciones de Puerto Montt confirmó el fallo, sosteniendo que el artículo 1876 del Código Civil establece que este tipo de cláusulas no admite prueba en contrario.

La actora interpuso recurso de casación en el fondo, en cuyo fallo la Corte Suprema revierte la decisión, sosteniendo que el artículo en cuestión solo es aplicable a los terceros poseedores y nada impide a la demandante alegar el incumplimiento cuando el deudor ha reconocido el no pago -en este caso, mediante la Declaración Jurada- y no se afecte el interés de terceros.

Además, sostiene que dicho artículo va dirigido a la prueba del hecho de no haberse pagado el precio, lo cual no fue objeto del juicio, pues las partes reconocen esta circunstancia en instrumento posterior a la celebración del contrato. 

Para mayor información, por favor contactar a Juan P. Schwencke y Cristóbal Jiménez.

 The Chilean Supreme Court upholds breach of contract for non-payment of a sale price despite the fact that it was considered paid in the contract

On October 25, 2023, the Supreme Court handed down its judgement on case No. 94-2021, accepting a lawsuit on contractual breach and a restitutionary remedy due to non-payment of the price in a contract where the parties considered the price as paid.

In February 2015, the parties entered into a contract for the sale of an industrial vehicle, which included a clause deeming the price as paid. Subsequently, they executed a supplemental agreement, referred to as a “Legal Declaration”, altering the terms to establish payment in 12 instalments.

In 2017, the seller filed a lawsuit for breach of contract due to non-payment of the price and requested the restitution of the vehicle. The first instance Court dismissed the claim. On appeal, the Court of Appeals of Puerto Montt confirmed the decision, citing Section 1876 of the Civil Code, stating that this kind of clause cannot be challenged considering other evidence.

The plaintiff filed an appeal on points of law, in which the Supreme Court overturned the decision, asserting that the abovementioned section is only applicable to third-party possessors and does not prevent the claimant from alleging noncompliance against the debtor where it has subsequently acknowledged non-payment —in this case, through the Legal Declaration— without affecting the interests of third parties.

Moreover, the Court held that the aforementioned section concerns the proof of the fact of non-payment of the price, which was not an issue in dispute, since the parties acknowledged this circumstance in a document subsequent to the contract.

For further information, please refer to Juan P. Schwencke and Cristóbal Jiménez.
 

CHILE

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Aviso: esta publicación y la información contenida en la misma no tiene por objeto reemplazar la consulta con un asesor legal.
Notice: this legal news alert is not intended to replace legal advice but to provide information of general interest.

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