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29 September 2023

Legal News Alert - Special Edition: Corporate Law

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29/09/2023

ALERTA DE NOVEDADES LEGALES

LEGAL NEWS ALERT

Derecho Societario

Corporate Law

La Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación rechazó recursos presentados por la Inspección General de Justicia y dejó firmes fallos de la Cámara Comercial limitando sus facultades

Casos Apart Incas S.A., Ancient S.R.L. y Residencia Cullen S.R.L.

Por medio de la resolución particular N° 152/2020, la Inspección General de Justicia (“IGJ”) dispuso la fiscalización estatal limitada de Apart Incas S.A. alegando que se encontraba comprometido el interés público en razón de los contagios por Covid-19 de adultos mayores que estaban alojados en la residencia que administra dicha sociedad.

Asimismo, IGJ realizó una exposición de las participaciones societarias que los socios y directivos de Apart Incas S.A. tienen en otras sociedades, entre ellas Ancient S.R.L. y Residencia Cullen S.R.L. y con ello pretendió demostrar la existencia de un grupo societario y por ende justificar su intervención también en estas sociedades. 

La referida resolución fue apelada por Apart Incas S.A. y la Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Comercial (Sala E) resolvió que el derecho a la salud y a la vida no son los valores que la ley le encomendó proteger a la IGJ y que en este caso la IGJ se excedió del control societario para el cual está habilitada.

Por su parte, la referida resolución fue asimismo apelada por Ancient S.R.L. y Residencia Cullen S.R.L. y la Cámara también la dejó sin efectos fundamentando su decisión en que las sociedades de responsabilidad limitada no están alcanzadas por la fiscalización del registro público más allá de lo propio de la registración del contrato social y sus modificaciones. Acudió al artículo 301 de la Ley N° 19.550, el cual establece que las facultades de fiscalización limitada solo alcanzan a las sociedades anónimas no incluidas en el artículo 299. 

La IGJ interpuso Recursos Extraordinarios ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación respecto de ambas sentencias, los cuales fueron denegados. 

Caso Boswil S.A.

Por medio de la resolución particular N° 334/2020 la IGJ intimó a Boswil S.A. (sociedad uruguaya) a adecuarse a la ley argentina, por considerar inoponible, irregular e ineficaz el acto por medio del cual Boswil S.A. había restituido cierto inmueble a una persona humana en el marco de la Ley N° 27.260 sobre el Sinceramiento fiscal. La IGJ consideró que tal acto demostraba por parte de Boswil S.A. la realización de una actividad habitual en el país, por lo que la encuadró el artículo 124 de la Ley N° 19.550. 

La Cámara Nacional de Apelaciones en lo Comercial (Sala C) dejó sin efectos la resolución particular de IGJ por cuanto la misma fue emitida sin apego a ninguna regla adjetiva, sin forma de juicio, sin requerimiento de ningún sujeto interesado, con información que no se sabe de dónde extrajo, e incluso sin siquiera haberle dado una audiencia previa a Boswil S.A.

Asimismo, resolvió que la IGJ no posee facultades jurisdiccionales necesarias para declarar la nulidad de un acto, propio de la aplicación del derecho común. El IGJ debe recurrir a la vía del artículo 303 para solicitar la suspensión de los actos respectivos ante el juez competente. Concluyó su sentencia con un análisis del artículo 124, estableciendo que el mismo no autoriza a declarar la inoponibilidad societaria.

Ante tal fallo, la IGJ interpuso un Recurso Extraordinario ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación, el cual fue denegado. 

Para mayor información, por favor contactar a Vanina Veiga y Estefanía P. Balduzzi.

The Federal Supreme Court of Justice rejected appeals presented by the Public Registry of Commerce (IGJ) and up-held rulings of the Commercial Court of Appeals  limiting IGJ’s power

Cases Apart Incas S.A., Ancient S.R.L. and Residencia Cullen S.R.L.


By means of the particular resolution No. 152/2020, the Public Registry of Commerce of the City of Buenos Aires (the “IGJ”, after its Spanish acronym) had ordered a limited state supervision of Apart Incas S.A. alleging that the public interest was compromised due to the Covid-19 infections of older adults who lived in the residence managed by said company.

Furthermore, the IGJ analyzed the shareholdings  that the shareholders and directors of Apart Incas S.A. had in other companies, including Ancient S.R.L. and Residencia Cullen S.R.L. and based on such analysis the IGJ alleged the existence of a corporate group and therefore decided to intervene those other companies as well.

The aforementioned resolution was appealed by Apart Incas S.A. and the National Court of Appeals in Commercial Matters (Panel E) resolved that the right to health and life were not values ​​that the law had entrusted the IGJ to protect and that in this case the IGJ had exceeded the corporate control for which it is enabled.

On the other hand, the aforementioned resolution was also appealed by Ancient S.R.L. and Residencia Cullen S.R.L. and the Court also revoked the same, basing its decision on the fact that limited liability companies are subject to the supervision of the IGJ only with respect to the registration of their by-laws and their amendments. This, according to Section 301 of Law No. 19,550, which establishes that only corporations not included in Section 299 may be subject to IGJ’s limited supervision powers.

The IGJ filed Extraordinary Appeals before the National Supreme Court of Justice against both rulings, which were denied.

Case Boswil S.A.

By means of the particular resolution No. 334/2020, the IGJ requested the nationalization of Boswil S.A. (an Uruguayan company), alleging that the transfer by Boswil S.A. of a real estate property to an individual was unenforceable, irregular and ineffective. The IGJ alleged that such act evidenced that Boswil S.A. was carrying out a permanent activity in the country, and was therefore subject to Section 124 of Law No. 19,550.

The National Court of Appeals in Commercial Matters (Panel C) revoked the particular resolution of IGJ because it was groundless and issued without any form of trial, without request from any interested party, with information whose source is unknown and even without having granted Boswil S.A. a prior hearing.

Likewise, it resolved that the IGJ does not have jurisdictional powers necessary to declare the nullity of an act, a decision that can only be taken by a court of law. The IGJ must resort to Section 303 to request the suspension of the respective acts before the competent judge. The ruling concluded with an analysis of Section 124, establishing that it does not authorize the declaration of corporate unenforceability

Given this ruling, the IGJ filed an Extraordinary Appeal before the National Supreme Court of Justice, which was denied.

For further information, please refer to Vanina Veiga and Estefanía P. Balduzzi.

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Aviso: esta publicación y la información contenida en la misma no tiene por objeto reemplazar la consulta con un asesor legal.
Notice: this legal news alert is not intended to replace legal advice but to provide information of general interest.

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